Subject. The article addresses the performance of territories of advanced socio-economic development in the Penza Oblast. Objectives. We focus on assessing the effectiveness of functioning of "Serdobsk" and "Zarechny" territories of advanced socio-economic development that were created to overcome single-industry dependence and enhance their socio-economic development. Methods. The study employs methods of systems analysis, abstraction, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy, modeling, as well as analysis of the regulatory framework, economic, mathematical, and econometric research methods. Results. From the point of view of meeting the planned indicators of the territory of advanced socio-economic development of Serdobsk, 2018, 2022 and 2023 became the most favorable, when the percentage ratio between planned and actual volumes of capital investments and investments was the highest and ranged from 80 to 160%. Conclusions. When assessing the effectiveness of preferential regimes in the territories, it is necessary to proceed not only from a commercial approach and return on investment, but also to consider them from the perspective of changing the quality of life of the population. Improving the quality of life in small towns in the long term leads to an increase in the capacity of consumer markets, which ensures the accumulation of physical capital in the territories, building up their own income base, accumulation and conservation of resources, innovative and technological transformation of the economy as a whole.
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