Importance The program for improving the national economy cannot but consider historical experience of industrially advanced states. The article describes processes of formulating national innovative systems of the European countries during the Industrial Revolution. Objectives The article investigates whether it is possible to apply foreign experience in outlining recommendations on the strategy for national economic development. Methods I use the method of historical analogies and comparative historical analysis. Results I figure out governments of the leading European countries adhered to the protectionism policy in the period of extensive economic rearmament in the 20th century. They supported their national manufacturing sectors, contributing to concentration of production in strategic industries and following a liberal foreign trade policy as a tool to undermine the competing States. In particular, France's experience proves that scientific discoveries, inventions and other results of scientific activities are unable to influence economic development if the government does not support the domestic manufacturing sector. The research shows that certain advantages arising from scientific and technological innovations implemented are not long-standing, and any country may slow down in its development and lose its strategic positions in global markets making way to its competitors. As seen in the analysis of industrial countries, the military industrial complex plays a special role in setting up innovative systems. It implements various scientific and technological innovations and distributes them throughout the economy. Conclusions and Relevance The experience of industrially advanced countries can be used to develop a strategy for innovative economic growth of the Russian economy. The military industrial complex and rocket and space industry should be the main growing points of the national economy. To protect the high technology sector of the national industry from global leaders' hostile activities, I suggest adhering to the policy of flexible protectionism.
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