Importance The paper investigates the regional practice of import substitution policy implementation. To achieve these goals, the region's administration studied and acquired foreign robotic technologies worth one billion rubles at the expense of budgetary funds. Objectives The article analyzes stances of the national and region's leadership on economic security and tackling full dependence on import, provides the expert community's views, tests hypotheses on unreasonably high national dependence on external markets, competition distortion, project effectiveness reduction, officials' intentions to hold domestic developments, especially in high technology, out of the economy. Methods The article used a horizontal comparative analysis, content analysis of multiple sources, and statistics. Results The research shows the current specifics of the Kaluga oblast's economy. We present alternative options of supporting foreign designers, engineers and manufacturers. The article displays the Chinese positive practices of bringing domestic companies to the world-class level, particularly in high technology. Conclusions and Relevance We conclude that external challenges failed to weaken the State, society and business, but, on the contrary, consolidated them. There has been a breakthrough in agricultural equipment and machinery production for the recent five years. The Russian companies have developed and mastered the production of more than 3,000 models of brand new agricultural machinery. We provide our recommendations for making innovative and investment development of the national economy, which relates to the import substitution policy, an irreversible process.
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