Subject The article discusses the innovative development of the APEC countries and analyzes their Global Innovation Index (GII). Objectives Clustering GII, we identify opportunities for the innovative development of the APEC countries. Methods The research is based on the systems approach and cluster analysis. Results The article highlights innovative development challenges around the globe and in the APEC countries. Cluster analysis helped find multi-component and two-component union of clusters and precursors for their emergence. We performed the comparative analysis of the APEC countries by institution, human capital and research, and identified leaders represented by Hong Kong, Republic of Korea, New Zealand, Singapore and the USA. Conclusions and Relevance To preserve the appropriate conditions, it is necessary to intensify the international cooperation in innovation by creating the international innovative environment and integrating national innovative systems of the APEC countries in it. The international innovative system should rest upon the currently active clusters of the APEC countries in terms of several factors. What Russia can contribute to the APEC is to increase the innovative activity of companies from Siberia and the Far East so as to develop the international cooperation with China, Hong Kong, Republic of Korea, New Zealand and Singapore and actively involve such factors as institutions, human capital and research. The findings would be useful for improving the national innovative system and forming the international innovative system of the APEC countries.
Keywords: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Global Innovation Index, cluster analysis, international innovation system, national innovation system
References:
Glaz'ev S.Yu. [New peaceful stock. Model for assembly]. Nauchnye trudy Vol'nogo ekonomicheskogo obshchestva Rossii = Proceedings of the Free Economic Society of Russia, 2018, vol. 210, no. 2, pp. 240–246. (In Russ.)
Makarov V.L., Bakhtizin A.R., Burilina M.A. [Prospects for digitalization in the modern society]. Ekonomika i upravlenie = Economics and Management, 2017, no. 11, pp. 4–7. (In Russ.)
Glaz'ev S.Yu., Arkhipova V.V. [Sanctions and other crisis factors impact assessment on the Russian economy's state]. Rossiiskii ekonomicheskii zhurnal = Russian Economic Journal, 2018, no. 1, pp. 3–29. (In Russ.)
Dynkin A.A. Russia's Economy: Domestic Discussions and International Positioning. Izvestiya Ural'skogo gosudarstvennogo ekonomicheskogo universiteta = Journal of the Ural State University of Economics, 2017, no. 5, pp. 34–43. URL: Link
Grimes A. APEC Competition Principles: Application to Financial Services. Japan and the World Economy, 2001, vol. 13, iss. 2, pp. 95–111. URL: Link00051-7
Ruban D.A. [Contemporary involvement of Russia in global competition of national innovative economies]. Ekonomicheskii analiz: teoriya i praktika = Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice, 2017, vol. 16, iss. 11, pp. 2083–2097. (In Russ.) URL: Link
Demina Ya.V. [Economic integration in East Asia: Challenges for the Russian Far East]. Zhurnal novoi ekonomicheskoi assotsiatsii = Journal of the New Economic Association, 2018, no. 2, pp. 178–186. (In Russ.)
Khalikova S.S. [Youth of the Far East about the Russian-Chinese relations]. Vestnik Instituta ekonomiki Rossiiskoi akademii nauk = Bulletin of Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2017, no. 4, pp. 60–69. (In Russ.)
Simachev Yu., Kuzyk M.G. [The impact of state development institutions on the innovative behavior of firms: Qualitative effects]. Voprosy Ekonomiki, 2017, no. 2, pp. 109–135. (In Russ.) URL: Link
Minakova N.V. [Sustainable growth in open economy]. SShA i Kanada: ekonomika, politika, kul'tura = USA v Canada: Economics – Politics – Culture, 2018, no. 1, pp. 59–72. (In Russ.)
Kalenov O.E., Kukushkin S.N. [Innovative development of the Russian industry in the XXI century]. Vestnik Instituta ekonomiki Rossiiskoi akademii nauk = Bulletin of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2017, no. 2, pp. 110–120. (In Russ.)
Sinitsina I.S., Chudakova N.A. [Innovation is a requirement for modern development]. Mir peremen = World of Changes, 2017, no. 3, pp. 186–189. (In Russ.)
Gavrilova N.M. [Evaluating the macroeconomic efficiency of infrastructure support to the national innovation system of Russia]. Ekonomicheskii analiz: teoriya i praktika = Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice, 2018, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 455–472. (In Russ.) URL: Link
Zafar M.W., Shahbaz M., Hou F., Sinha A. From Nonrenewable to Renewable Energy and its Impact on Economic Growth: The Role of Research & Development Expenditures in Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Countries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, vol. 212, pp. 1166–1178. URL: Link
Greenleaf G., Park W. South Korea's Innovations in Data Privacy Principles: Asian Comparisons. Computer Law & Security Review, 2014, vol. 30, iss. 5, pp. 492–505. URL: Link
Idrisov G.I., Knyaginin V.N., Kudrin A.L., Rozhkova E.S. [New technological revolution: Сhallenges and opportunities for Russia]. Voprosy Ekonomiki, 2018, no. 4, pp. 5–25. (In Russ.) URL: Link
Batov G.Kh. [Re-industrialization of the economy of the macro region as an imperative to form a new technological order]. Vestnik Instituta ekonomiki Rossiiskoi akademii nauk = Bulletin of Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2018, no. 4, pp. 60–71. (Russ.)
Knyazev Yu.K. [About interaction of innovative and social development]. Obshchestvo i ekonomika = Society and Economics, 2017, no. 12, pp. 10–23. (In Russ.)
Tseluiko A.A. [Interpretation of the concept of an open national innovation system]. Vestnik Instituta ekonomiki Rossiiskoi akademii nauk = Bulletin of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2018, no. 1, pp. 193–203. (In Russ.)
Shvetsov A.N. [The instruments of polarized spatial development policy]. Federalizm = Federalism, 2018, no. 1, pp. 82–103. (In Russ.)
Sysoeva E.F., Budilova E.S. [The influence of distortion of international foreign trade relations on the financing of Russian enterprises under globalization]. Finansy i kredit = Finance and Credit, 2018, vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 1751–1764. (In Russ.) URL: Link
Gordienko D.V. [Changing level of the U.S. economic security in the economic cooperation of the member States of the Trans-Pacific Partnership]. Natsional'nye interesy: prioritety i bezopasnost' = National Interests: Priorities and Security, 2017, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 1176–1188. (In Russ.) URL: Link
Dmitriev S.S. [Modernization of US infrastructure – Washington fantasy or rational imperative?]. SShA i Kanada: ekonomika, politika, kul'tura = USA v Canada: Economics – Politics – Culture, 2018, no. 9, pp. 52–67. (In Russ.) URL: Link
Enfu C., Jiankun G. [Prospects for China's Macroeconomic Development: Ten Measures]. Voporosy politicheskoi ekonomii = Issues of Political Economy, 2017, no. 1, pp. 6–18. (In Russ.)
